In the caste system of India, the merchant class is known as what?

The merchant class in the caste system of India is known as Vaishyas. This classification is significant because the Vaishyas traditionally encompass those who engage in commerce, agriculture, and trade, which are vital roles in the economic structure of society. In the context of the caste system, the Vaishyas are considered one of the four primary varnas, or social classes, along with Brahmins (priests and scholars), Kshatriyas (warriors and rulers), and Shudras (laborers and service providers). The role of the Vaishyas as merchants and landowners highlights their contribution to the economy and their place in the social hierarchy.

Understanding the specific responsibilities and societal roles of each class helps clarify the structure of the caste system and the interactions between different groups within Indian society. The confusion often arises with the other classifications, as Brahmins primarily focus on religious duties, Kshatriyas on governance and protection, and Shudras on serving other classes, illustrating the distinct functions each caste fulfills.