What is the early form of later Hinduism's great god Shiva?

The early form of later Hinduism's great god Shiva is Rudra. In ancient Vedic texts, Rudra is portrayed as a powerful deity associated with storms, wind, and hunting, embodying qualities of both ferocity and healing. Over time, Rudra evolved into the more complex figure of Shiva in later Hindu traditions, which include a rich tapestry of mythology, philosophy, and worship practices.

Rudra's significance stems from the early Vedic hymns, where he is invoked for protection and blessings, showcasing a duality that is a hallmark of Shiva’s later character as the destroyer and transformer in the Hindu trinity, or Trimurti. The transformation of Rudra into Shiva illustrates the development of religious beliefs and practices in ancient India.

The other figures mentioned, such as Vishnu, Kartikeya, and Brahma, represent different aspects of the Hindu pantheon. Vishnu is known as the preserver, Kartikeya is primarily the god of war, and Brahma represents the creator aspect of the universe, all playing distinct roles that do not directly relate to the early form of Shiva. Therefore, Rudra is recognized as the precursor and foundational figure that directly informs the later depictions and attributes of Shiva.