What is the name of the primordial being who divided his body into four parts?

The correct answer is Purusha, which is significant in Hindu philosophy and cosmology. Purusha is often described as a cosmic being or the spiritual essence that existed before the creation of the world. According to the Rigveda, Purusha's body was sacrificed by the gods to create all living beings and the various aspects of the universe, effectively dividing himself into four parts, which correspond to the four social classes (varnas) in Hindu society: the priests (Brahmins), warriors (Kshatriyas), merchants and landowners (Vaishyas), and laborers and service providers (Shudras). This mythological narrative encapsulates the concept of unity and diversity in creation, demonstrating how life and social order emerged from a singular, primordial source.

The connection of Purusha to the broader themes within Hindu cosmology highlights the idea of sacrifice and transformation, where the universe is created from the Self. This concept has profound implications, addressing existential questions about the nature of life, society, and the divine.