What is the path of meditation known as in Hindu philosophy?

In Hindu philosophy, the path of meditation is referred to as Jnana yoga. This practice emphasizes the pursuit of knowledge and wisdom as a means to attain enlightenment and understanding of the ultimate reality, often through introspection and contemplation. Jnana yoga involves a deep examination of the self and reality, encouraging practitioners to distinguish between the eternal truth (Brahman) and the transitory aspects of the world (Maya).

The emphasis on meditation within Jnana yoga is essential, as it facilitates the direct experience of insight and realization that is central to this path. By meditating and reflecting on philosophical teachings and the nature of existence, practitioners seek to transcend ignorance and reach a higher state of consciousness.

The other paths mentioned have distinct focuses: Bhakti yoga is centered on devotion and love towards a personal deity; Karma yoga focuses on selfless action and duty without attachment to results; and Hatha yoga primarily involves physical postures and exercises aimed at preparing the body for meditation. Each of these paths has value in its own right, but they do not primarily emphasize meditation as their core practice in the same way Jnana yoga does.